Japanese lessons 11 – verb past tense in Japanese

Japanese lessons 11

Dooshi no kakokei  /  verb past tense in Japanese

 

tense	affirmative	negative form
non-past tense  (present / future )	tabe　masu	tabe　masen
past tense	tabe　mashita	tabe 　masendeshita

 

Nihongo  no  “kakokei (past tense) ” o  tsukuru  no  wa  totemo  kantan  desu. 「masu」o「mashita」ni  kaeru  dake  desu.  shita  no  rei  o  mite-mimashoo!

 

To make Japanese past tense is very simple. Just change the masu ending to mashita.

Look at the examples below.

①

watashi  wa  kinoo  raamen  o  tabe-mashita.

わたしは　きのう　ラーメンを　たべました。

I ate (had) Ramen yesterday.

 

Affirmative past tence :  masu →  mashita

Negative past tense : masen ＋ deshita = masendeshita.

 

②

watashi  wa  kinoo  bangohan  o  tabe-masen  deshita.

わたしは　きのう　ばんごはんを　たべませんでした。

I didn’t eat (have) dinner yesterday.

 

■ shita  no  chart  o  kansei  sasete  kudasai.

Please complete the chart below.

		present affirmative	past affirmative	present negative	past negative
1	to watch, to look	mi-masu	mi-mashita	mi-masen	mi-masendeshita
2	to read	yomi-masu		yomi-masen
3	to write	kaki-masu		kaki-masen
4	to listen	kiki-masu			kiki-masendeshita
5	to drink	nomi-masu	nomi-mashita
6	to eat	tabe-masu
7	to do, to play	shimasu

😀 Answers →　end of this page

 

 ■　kaiwa / conversation

 

A:  Yamadasan,  nichi-yoobi  nani  o  shimashita  ka？

B:  eiga  o  mi-mashita.

A:  nani  o  mi-mashita  ka？

B:  “Jurassik park 4 ”  o  mi-mashita.

A:  watashi  mo  “Jurassik park 4”  o  mi-mashita  yo.  ii  eiga  desu  ne.

 

A: やまださん、にちようび　なにを　しましたか？

B: えいがを　みました。

A: なにを　みましたか？

B: Jurassik park 4 を　みました。

A: わたしも　Jurassik park 4 を　みましたよ。いいえいが　ですね。

 

<translation>

A: What did you do last Sunday?

B: I watched a movie.

A: What did you watch?

B: I watched “Jurassik park 4.”

A: I watched “Jurassik park 4”, too. It’s a good movie, isn’t it?

 

😀  チャートの答え（チャートのこたえ） Answers for the chart above.

		present affirmative	past affirmative	present negative	past negative
1	to wach, to look	mi-masu	mi-mashita	mi-masen	mi-masendeshita
2	to read	yomi-masu	yomi-mashita	yomi-masen	yomi-masendeshita
3	to write	kaki-masu	kaki-mashita	kaki-masen	kaki-masendeshita
4	to listen	kiki-maseu	kiki-mashita	kiki-masen	kiki-masendeshita
5	to drink	nomi-masu	nomi-mashita	nomi-masen	nomi-masendeshita
6	to eat	tabe-masu	tabe-masita	tabe-masen	tabe-masendeshita
7	to do, to play	shimasu	shimashita	shimasen	shimasendeshita