Japanese Lessons 9 – Japanese verbs ; affirmative & negative forms

Japanese verbs /  Basic 10 verbs

 

Let’s learn Japanese verbs!

	Dooshi		verbs
1	たべべます	tabe-masu	to eat
2	のみます	nomi-masu	to drink
3	みます	mi-masu	to look, to watch
4	よみます	yomi-masu	to read
5	ききます	kiki-masu	to listen
6	かきます	kaki-masu	to write
7	かいます	kai-masu	to buy
8	はなします	hanashi-masu	to talk, to speak
9	つくります	tsukuri-masu	to make
10	します	shimasu	to do, to play

 

■　Bun no koozoo /  Sentence  Structure

 

① Watashi  wa  mainichi  terebi  o  mi-masu.  (I watch TV every day. )

→　Subject + time expression + verb + object

 

② Ashita  watashi  wa  tenisu  o  shimasu.     (Tomorrow,  I will (or am going to) play tennis.)

→   Time expression + Subject + object + verb.

 

③ Watshi  wa  yoku  koohii  o  nomi-masu.   (I often drink coffee.)

→  Subject + object +  time expression + verb.

 

😛

1. The verbs generally comes at the end of the sentence.

2. The verb doesn’t change for person, number or gender like English.

3. The position of adverb of time is interchangeable as above.

 

■　Dooshi no  hitei-kei  / Negative verb forms

 

dooshi = verb,  hitei-kei = negative form

		present affirmative	present negative
		～　masu	～　masen
to eat	たべます	tabe-masu	tabe-masen
to drink	のみます	nomi-masu	nomi-masen
to watch	みます	mi-masu	mi-masen
to read	よみす	yomi-masu	yomi-masen
to listen	ききます	kiki-masu	kiki-masen
to do, to play	します	shimasu	shimasen

 

Reibun /  Example sentences

 

①　watashi  wa  osake  o  nomi-masen.  (don’t drink alcohol.)

※  “Osake” means “alcohol” in this context. It can also mean “Sake.”

②　washi  wa  niku  o  tabe-masen.    (I don’t eat meat.)

③　watashi  wa  manga  o  yomi-masen.  (I don’t read comic books.)

④

A:  J-pop　o  kiki-masu  ka?    (Do you listen to Japanese Pop-music?)

B:  iie,  kiki-masen.  (No, I don’t listen.)

 

 

■　Shitumon ni kotaemashoo!  Answer the follwoing questions in Japanese.

 

１．kutashikku  o  kiki-masu  ka?    ※ kurashikku = classical music

→

２．osake  o  nomi-masu  ka?

→

３．tabako  o  sui-masu  ka?   ※ tabako = cigarette,  sui-masu = to smoke

→

４．tenisu  o  shimasu  ka?

→

５．nama  no  sakana   o   tabe-masu  ka?   ※ nama no sakana = raw fish